Equestrian sports - Dressage

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What is dressage?

Dressage comes from the French word for training and is used today to describe an equestrian sport which has been compared to ballet on horse back. Dressage is an event involving subtle control of the horse in order to manoeuvre them into compulsory movements often in time to music. This tests the horse's physical ability, suppleness, responsiveness, balance and obedience. The horse riders are dressed in stylish, dressage clothing and their horses are exceptionally well-groomed. Dressage usually takes place in a grand arena and is regarded as a true art among horse lovers.

Where did dressage originate from?

Dressage can be traced back to military horsemanship of the ancient Greeks who trained their horses to perform movements while on the battle field in order to deter the enemy.

Classical dressage became prominent in the Baroque era. It was a popular pastime among affluent European aristocracy who dressed incredibly flamboyantly and were persistent in perfecting the art of dressage. Many of the original masters of classical dressage have passed on although an essence of classical dressage does live on through contemporary dressage.

Dressage today

Dressage is still popular among aristocracy today but is no longer a preserve of the wealthy. Dressage has become a much more assessable equestrian sport and we are able to enjoy horse riding events such as show jumping and dressage on the television.

Dressage is popular in many countries and taught in riding schools where students learn the fundamental balance needed to control a horse during dressage. All the intricate movements of dressage that are dependent on factors such as rhythm, tempo and the horse's length of stride are also learnt.

Competitive dressage events

Riders with an outstanding talent for dressage can go on to compete at regional and national shows which are regularly held throughout the country. During a dressage competition the horse is awarded points for its impulsion, regularity of pace and freedom of movement, responsiveness and compliance, balance and correct performance of movements. The rider gains points for perfect poise and the correct manipulation of these manoeuvres.

Levels of dressage competition range from the preliminary stage where the horse performs a walks, trots, canters, circles and turns to Grand Prix level where more complex dressage movements such as piaffes and canter pirouettes are performed. Dressage became an Olympic sport in 1912 and Grand Prix level, the Olympic status, is the highest attainable level of dressage for a competitor.

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